The rapid proliferation of newly established professional development schools (PDS) partnerships accentuated concern associated with the lack of conceptual clarity of the PDS concept itself. Levine and Churins (1999) warned the PDS community that this innovative institution needed standards to ensure the necessary rigor, accountability, and sustainability.
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In this chapter, we briefly examine the literature related to roles, structures, and governance and the typical players in PDSs, while making a case for the rediscovery of the community as having a critical role in PDS work.
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My approach to writing this chapter is to comment first on the two essays and then provide readers with my personal history intertwined with my own perspective and recommendations for the future. My history and past experiences with action research in school–university partnership settings and with schools as self-renewing institutions have dramatically shaped my perspective on PDS as leverage for education change, improvement, and reform.
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This chapter represents an in-depth study of action research in the PDS with recommendations for future practice and collaboration.
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The purpose of the chapter is to serve program evaluators and stakeholders as they formulate an approach to assessing the effectiveness of their professional development school (PDS) program.
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All the authors also caution us that the evidence is not always robust, that much more evidence is needed, and that there are many additional related lines of inquiry that require exploration. But, these cautions aside, the three chapters each use the research to go inside PDS settings and classrooms and provide an up-close look at implementation and results in relation to teacher preparation, professional development, and impact on students.
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In this chapter, we review the existing literature with a focus on three key areas: (1) the ways in which PDS models are structured to improve student learning, yielding a rich description of PDS interventions for student achievement; (2) the impact of PDSs on student learning and achievement, with a specific focus on publications that used rigorous research designs and/or captured student achievement with multiple measures; and (3) the extent to which PDSs have a differential impact on the learning of low-income and culturally and racially diverse students.
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The focus of this chapter is on the evidence to date that documents the impact of PDS engagement on four specific groups of participants: veteran P–12 teachers, university faculty, P–12 school principals, and parents and community members.
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In this chapter, we build on the discussion of the history, trends, and issues of the PDS effort described in Chapter 1 (Rutter, 2011) while examining the approaches for PDS implementation set forth by organizations that have had a major influence on PDS development.
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The authors don’t attempt to overstate the scope of development or level of impact with respect to PDS. On the positive side, they remind us that hundreds of NCATE’s accredited institutions report that they are engaged in PDS partnerships, involving at least one, and often more than one, school partner.
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In this chapter, we build on the discussion of the history, trends, and issues of the PDS effort described in Chapter 1 (Rutter, 2011) while examining the approaches for PDS implementation set forth by organizations that have had a major influence on PDS development.
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The language adolescents use in digital spaces often does not adhere to standard written English. Rather, teens experiment in their writing, and the result is digitalk, a complex and fascinating combination of written and conversational languages. This study explores the use of digitalk as an expression of individual identity within a community of norms.
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As a result of the government’s criticism, a plethora of reform agendas and reports were commissioned, trying to make sense of the issues and find long-term solutions. Among these are four key efforts that laid the groundwork for the professional development schools (PDS) movement.
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The chapter details a 3-year study of marketplace producers of new media and digital technologies. The chapter takes account of findings of the study and a framework that can be applied to fostering literate identities in the 21st century.
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This chapter examines intertextual meaning-making across and within virtual and real video game environments, looking to observational and interview data of middle and high school students to illustrate the conflation of real and virtual experiences. The discussion of the associative I/identity helps to distinguish and clarify the interconnected nature of on- and offscreen situated practices that promote meaningful learning
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The idea of “currency” is implied in the title, for, as many of our contributors discuss within their chapters, the professional development school (PDS) cannot and will not prevail in its present form without dedicated fiscal backing and sustained commitment for integrating the PDS effort into new structures.
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This chapter addresses how online multimodal literacy practices are both filtered through and used by popular culture. Through a combination of textual analysis and interviews with first-year university students, the chapter illustrates the intersections of multimodal literacies and popular culture and discusses how they are shaping the ways that identities are constructed and performed in and out of the literacy classroom.
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“Virtual Constructions: Developing a Teacher Voice in the 21st Century” describes how web 2.0 tools invite preservice teachers to develop a professional identity. Drawing on a study of the use of blogging in a preservice literacy methods class, Casey links research and theories of identity development with 21st-century web 2.0 tools.
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This chapter explores literacy and identity negotiation as a cultural dialogue involving the dynamic intersection of public, private, physical, and virtual spaces that contemporary youth inhabit. In this case study, the ways in which 1 Caribbean immigrant adolescent negotiates such spaces and cultural resources represent identity-work. Through her digital literacy practices, this young person actively constructs her sense of self by creating a space where her cultural and literate identities can coexist.
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This paper examines the significance of changing multimodal resources and practices of annotation in subject English textbooks and the UK secondary school English classroom, with particular attention to the role of digital technologies.
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This article is an interpretive analysis of recent research that suggests the following: the work of students who self-identify as users and producers of multimodal digital texts is rarely visible to their teachers, institutional contexts for secondary schooling and literacy teacher education may wittingly or unwittingly contribute to this invisibility, and yet, despite this invisibility, classroom teachers, school library media specialists, and teacher educators are increasingly becoming aware of the instructional implications of young people’s uses of multimodal digital texts to construct online literate identities.
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In this chapter, the concept of multimodal selves is used to explore the literacies of adolescents as researched within the context of two ethnographic studies. Following a discussion of the multimediated terrains of adolescents’ literacies, the chapter concludes with questions for further consideration that emerge from a critical engagement with multimodality in designing literacy pedagogy.
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This chapter explores the implications of the new digital media for communicating and representing meaning. The chapter discusses the possible pedagogical responses to this changing context, with particular reference to the work of teachers participating in the Learning by Design project.
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The study was of a digital storytelling project with a group of families in North Yorkshire. The study explored meaning-making practices across generations using a number of multimodal tools, including drawing, writing, digital audio, still photographs, and moving image media.
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In the past fifteen years, there has been a shift in the way researchers have conceptualized identity, moving from the “identity-as-thing” to an understanding of “identity-in-practice” (Leander, 2002, 198–199). This is not necessarily a new concept, as earlier researchers recognized sociocultural influences on perception (Bartlett, 1932/1995; Vygotsky, 1978) and on the performative nature of identity (Butler, 1990; Goffman, 1959). New Literacy Studies theorists (Barton, 1994, 2001; Gee, 1996, 2000; Street 1995, 1999) began to examine identity-in-practice in relation to literacy. In addition, ethnographic accounts (Heath, 1983; Purcell-Gates, 1997; Taylor, 1983; Taylor & Dorsey-Gaines, 1988) began to document ways that literacies and identities were interconnected. There was an epistemological shift, underscoring the individual and community practices that help to shape one’s identity. Literacies included all activities inside and outside school, highlighting the relationship between people’s literacy practices and their situated actions, behaviors, beliefs, and values, or their Discourses (Gee, 1999, 2008, 2011).
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